Net Worth: The Single Number That Shows Your Financial Health
Income tells you how much flows in. Net worth tells you how much you've actually kept. Here's how to track and grow it.
What Is Net Worth?
Net worth is simply your total assets minus your total liabilities. Assets include cash, investments, retirement accounts, real estate equity, and valuable property. Liabilities include mortgages, student loans, car loans, credit card balances, and any other debts. The result can be positive or negative—many young adults start with a negative net worth due to student debt.
Why Track Net Worth?
Income and expenses are snapshots of a single month. Net worth is the cumulative score. You might earn a high income but carry so much debt that your net worth is low. Conversely, moderate earners who save consistently can build impressive net worth over time. Tracking it monthly reveals whether your financial decisions are actually moving you forward.
How to Calculate Your Net Worth
List every asset with its current market value: checking and savings accounts, brokerage accounts, retirement accounts (401k, IRA), home equity (estimated value minus mortgage balance), vehicle value, and other valuables. Then list every liability: remaining mortgage, student loans, car loans, credit cards, personal loans. Subtract total liabilities from total assets.
Net Worth Benchmarks by Age
A common benchmark: by age 30, aim for a net worth equal to your annual salary. By 40, three times your salary. By 50, six times. By 60, eight times. These are rough guidelines from financial research—your actual target depends on lifestyle goals, location, and when you want to retire. The most useful comparison is with your own past: are you growing month over month?
Strategies to Grow Net Worth
There are only three levers: increase assets (save and invest more), decrease liabilities (pay down debt faster), or both. Maximize tax-advantaged accounts first (401k match, Roth IRA). Avoid lifestyle inflation when you get a raise. Pay off high-interest debt aggressively. Over time, compound growth on your invested assets does most of the heavy lifting.
Put This Into Practice
Apply what you've learned using the WealthWise tool built for this exact purpose.
Try the Net Worth TimelineFrequently Asked Questions
Is net worth the same as income?
No. Income is what you earn in a period. Net worth is the total value of everything you own minus everything you owe. High income with high spending can result in low net worth.
Should I include my home in net worth?
Yes, but only the equity (market value minus remaining mortgage). Some people track two numbers: total net worth (including home equity) and investable net worth (excluding home equity).
How often should I check my net worth?
Monthly is ideal. It's frequent enough to spot trends but not so frequent that market fluctuations cause anxiety. Update your numbers on the same day each month for consistency.
